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Alire

By far the easiest way to get hold of a Mac toolchain is to use the Ada package manager Alire.

Preparation

Before doing that, there is a preparatory step required for any development on a Mac.

You must have either Xcode or the Command Line Tools installed (the CLTs are a lot smaller). If you have version 15.0 installed, you need to update to at least version 15.1.

Xcode can be downloaded from the App Store.
Install the Command Line Tools by sudo xcode-select --install.

If you suspect your copy of the Command Line Tools is old, you can delete it by

sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools

and re-install.

You can find the version of the last installed CLTs by

softwareupdate --history | grep Command

Installing alr

The Alire website's Releases page provides builds for both Intel (x86_64) and Apple (aarch64) silicon

Any of these can be installed as described here.

Next steps

Follow up with these first steps (this will have the added effect of installing a toolchain for you!)